However, it’s up to you to ensure the information they provide is reliable and accurate.Īlways make sure to properly cite your sources to avoid plagiarism. Primary sources are often considered the most credible in terms of providing evidence for your argument, as they give you direct evidence of what you are researching. We propose a new dark matter contender within the context of the so-called dark dimension, an innovative 5-dimensional construct that has a compact space with characteristic length-scale in the micron range.
Different citation styles require you to use specific verb tenses when using signal phrases. An attributive tag such as according to or argues that.
If you use one of these in your research, it is probably a primary source. To use signal phrases effectively, include: The name of the scholar (s) or study you’re referencing. If the author is not named in the signal phrase, or no signal phrase is used, include all information at the end of the quote. According to Jones (1998), 'Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time' (p. Some types of source are nearly always primary: works of art and literature, raw statistical data, official documents and records, and personal communications (e.g. Use of signal phrases (see sidebar) is strongly encouraged. Include signal phrases and an in-text citation to show where the quote is from. Are you directly analyzing the source itself (primary), or only using it for background information (secondary)?.Whenever you include a paraphrase, summary, or direct quotation of. Does the source provide original information (primary), or does it summarize information from other sources (secondary)? 404.) MLA-3b Use signal phrases to integrate sources.Signal phrases provide clear signals to prepare the. Was the source created by someone directly involved in the events you’re studying (primary), or by another researcher (secondary)? Readers should be able to move from your own words to the words you quote without feeling an abrupt shift.
Other little boys began to shake and sob too.To determine if a source is primary or secondary, ask yourself: Because there are no quotation marks around the idea, we know that it is a. Try one of these signal phrases to create a smooth transition from your words to the quotation: According to Flynn '.' (98). A signal phrase often names the author of the source and provides context. This means that the authors last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, like, for example, (Jones, 1998). In books, authors also use signal phrases to let readers know who is speaking. Signal phrases are ways to lead into or introduce a source or quote. Signal phrases can be used alongside in-text citations to distinguish your work from the sources you. The back smoke before the burning wreckage of the island and infected by that emotion, the When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. Example: Signal phrase Einstein stated that the description of the position of an object in space is based on the specification of the point on a rigid body (body of reference) with which that event or object coincides (2001, pp. Great, shuddering spasms of grief that seemed to wrench his whole body. If starting a new paragraph within the block quotation, indent its first line.Īt the conclusion of Lord of the Flies, Ralph, realizing the horror of his actions, is overcome by.For long quotations, a period at the end of a quotation is placed before the parentheses.Do not use opening and closing quotation marks.For a single paragraph or part of a paragraph, do not indent the first line more than the rest of the quotation. If a quotation runs to more than four lines in your paper, set it off from your text by beginning a new line, indenting half an inch from the left margin.
Shelley thought poets “the unacknowledged legislators of the World” (794).ĭorothea responds to her sister, “what a wonderful little almanac you are, Celia!” (7). Other punctuation such as question marks and exclamation marks should appear within the quotation marks if they are part of the quoted passage, but after the parentheses if they are part of your text. In some cases, signal phrases are omitted in favor of in-text citations.
CITATION SIGNAL PHRASES HOW TO
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